Evaluation of Spinal Ultrasound in Spinal Dysraphism
Section snippets
Methods
Between July 1999 and February 2002 (31 months), 85 consecutive spinal ultrasound examinations were performed in the paediatric radiology department. Indications for spinal ultrasound in our practise included evaluation of a lumbosacral mass or cutaneous stigmata, abnormal spinal radiographs, known spinal dysraphism and previous repair of open spinal dysraphism. Seventy-four of 85 spinal ultrasound examinations were reported as normal, and 11 of 85 spinal ultrasound examinations were reported
Results
Three of 15 spinal MRIs were reported as normal, and 12 of 15 were reported to have congenital defects (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) of which 10 had multiple concurrent abnormalities. One infant, patient 12, was initially reported by the fellow in neuroradiology to have a dorsal dermal sinus ending at the coccyx, however, on review by a paediatric radiologist it was reported as a normal natal cleft impression. All other MRI reports remained unchanged. The degree of agreement between
Discussion
Spinal dysraphism is the second most common congenital abnormality after cardiac malformations, occurring in up to two per 1000 live births [19], although the incidence of open defects is probably decreasing in the U.K. with antenatal diagnosis. The remaining closed, skin-covered OSD lesions, however, may be missed on antenatal ultrasound. The importance in early diagnosis of OSD results from the association of cord tethering to the sacrum or meningeal/soft-tissues by the underlying lesion in
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