Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Continuing medical educationTropical dermatology: Venomous arthropods and human skin: Part II. Diplopoda, Chilopoda, and Arachnida
Section snippets
Diplopoda and Chilopoda
Key points Centipedes have fangs that feature poison glands containing metalloproteases; the main symptom of injury is pain Millipedes have lateral glands, instead of fangs, which contain cyanide and quinones; the main sign of injury is hyperpigmentation
Centipedes and millipedes belong to the classes Chilopoda and Diplopoda, respectively. Most species of the first class are carnivorous and have a body made of flattened segments covered with chitin with a pair of legs on each segment. The first segment has
Spiders
Key points Brown recluse spiders can cause extensive skin necrosis and acute renal failure via sphingomyelinase D; therapy is with antivenom (antivenin) and/or sulfones Tarantulas can release bristles resulting in dermatitis and conjunctivitis or can bite causing pain via activation of the capsaicin receptor; treatment includes the use of oral antihistamines and topical steroids
Spiders that cause major injuries in humans belong to the genus Atrax (the funnel web spider of Australia, of the Orthognata
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