PaperLength of human immunodeficiency virus disease and not immune status is a risk factor for development of anal carcinoma
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
With approval from the Baylor College of Medicine Institutional Review Board, the records of all HIV-positive patients who were diagnosed with either AINs (group 1) or anal carcinoma (group 2) between January 1998 and November 2004 at the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, a 420-bed tertiary care hospital serving southeast Texas, were evaluated retrospectively. The diagnosis of AIN, HPV infection, or anal carcinoma was established by surgical biopsy examination. For each
Results
From January 1998 to November 2004 there were 14 HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with anal neoplasms evaluated by the surgery service. Seven of these patients were diagnosed with AIN (group I) and 7 patients were diagnosed with anal carcinoma (group 2). The main characteristics of these patients are shown in Table 1. All patients underwent surgical biopsy examination for diagnosis of anal neoplasm and all were symptomatic at time of presentation (Table 2).
Histologically
Comments
Anal carcinoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for only 3,400 cases per year in the United States [11]. In the HIV-positive population, however, the incidence of anal carcinoma is increasing rapidly [4], [5], [6]. Anal carcinoma is one of only a handful of cancers known to be associated with an infectious agent (HPV) [12].
Fenger and Nielsen [13], [14] described the precursor lesion to anal carcinoma, AIN, in 1981. In 1986, Frazer et al [15] observed a high incidence of AIN in HIV-positive men
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