La versión española de Skindex-29. Un instrumento de medida de la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedades cutáneasThe spanish version of skindex-29. an instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with cutaneous diseases

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Fundamento

Los tests de calidad de vida tratan de estudiar objetivamente cómo afecta la enfermedada la vida del paciente. Su generación de novo consume más tiempo y recursos queadaptar uno existente en otro idioma. Se presenta el estudio de las propiedades métricas de laversión española de Skindex-29, un instrumento americano de calidad de vida orientado a pacientescon afectación cutánea y que está ampliamente validado.

Pacientes y método

Se administró el test a adultos en una consulta dermatológica ambulatoria.Se registraron la edad, el sexo y la patología de cada paciente. Se hicieron tres grupos: sanos,enfermos con trastornos inflamatorios y enfermos con lesiones cutáneas aisladas o tumorales.Se evaluó la validez de construcción, la consistencia interna, la reproducibilidad a las 72 h, lasensibilidad al cambio y la factibilidad.

Resultados

Se analizaron 318 tests, el 65% de mujeres, con una edad media de 36 años. Sedemostró la validez de construcción con diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones entre sanosy enfermos, así como entre los dos grupos de enfermos. Se demostró su fiabilidad con coeficientesalfa de Cronbach superiores a 0,84 y valores de correlación intraclase en el test-retestsuperiores a 0,7. El test se mostró sensible al cambio. El porcentaje de no respuesta fue bajo ylos efectos suelo y techo adecuados.

Conclusiones

La versión española de Skindex-29 es un instrumento válido, fiable y sensible alcambio para medir los efectos de la afectación cutánea en la calidad de vida de pacientes españoles.

Background

Quality-of-life studies aim to measure objectively how patient life is affected by disease.Generation of a novel instrument is more expensive and time-consuming than adapting atest already existing in another language. Skindex-29 is a widely validated American instrumentto measure quality of life in patients with cutaneous disease. A study of the psychometric propertiesof the Spanish version of Skindex-29 is presented.

Patients and method

The test was administered to adults in an outpatient dermatological clinic.Age, sex and disease were registered for each patient. Three groups were studied: healthypeople, patients with inflammatory skin disease and patients with isolated or tumoral lesions.Construct validity, internal consistency, reproducibility at 72 hours, responsiveness and feasibilitywere evaluated.

Results

Responses of 318 patients were analyzed; 65% were women, with a mean age of 36years. Validity construction was demonstrated, with significant differences between healthypeople and patients as well as between both groups of patients. Reliability was also demonstrated,with Cronbach's coefficient alpha values above 0.84 and intraclass correlation values above0.7. The test showed responsiveness to clinical change. The percentage of «non-response»was low, and floor and ceiling effects were adequate.

Conclusion

The Spanish version of Skindex-29 constitutes an instrument with validity, reliability,and sensitivity to change to measure the effects of cutaneous conditions on quality of lifeof Spanish patients.

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