Journal Information
Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 8-18 (January - February 2011)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 8-18 (January - February 2011)
Review
Full text access
Contact Dermatitis in Children − A Review of Current Opinions
Dermatitis por contacto en Pediatría: revisión de opiniones actuales
Visits
5962
M.P. Castanedo-Tardana, C. Matizb, S.E. Jacobb,
Corresponding author
sjacob@contactderm.net

Corresponding author.
a Section of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States
b Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital – UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States
This item has received
Article information
Abstract

In the not so distant past, in the United States contact dermatitis was considered to be a condition that affected mainly adults. The diagnosis was certainly less often rendered in pediatrics, mainly because it was believed that a child's immune system was immature and that children were generally exposed to fewer allergens. With this in mind, we can attribute the low prevalence formerly reported for this disease partly to the fact that most affected children were not (and are still not) evaluated using appropriate skin tests. Patch testing in children requires certain modifications, but the international literature of the last decade and US data published in the past year indicate that contact dermatitis is a common condition in the pediatric population and that the prevalence is similar in children and adults.

Keywords:
Allergic contact dermatitis
Children
Patch test
Resumen

En un pasado no muy distante, en los Estados Unidos de América se consideraba la dermatitis por contacto una entidad que afectaba principalmente a la población adulta. Este diagnóstico era distintivamente menos habitual entre niños, comparado con adultos, principalmente debido a la creencia de que en los niños, el sistema inmune era inmaduro y que en general estaban expuestos a una menor cantidad de alérgenos. Con esto en mente, la baja prevalencia comunicada en el pasado se debe también en parte a que la mayoría de los niños afectados no fueron, y aún no son, apropiadamente evaluados por medio de pruebas epicutáneas. Mientras que la prueba del parche en niños requiere ciertas modificaciones de la técnica, la información internacional de la última década, y los datos estadounidenses comunicados en el último año, indican que la dermatitis por contacto en la población pediátrica es una condición común e igualmente prevalente en niños que en adultos.

Palabras clave:
Dermatitis de contacto alérgica
Niños
Prueba del parche
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
J.M. Fernández Vozmediano, J.C. Armario Hita.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 19 (2005), pp. 42-46
[2.]
A.A. Fisher.
Childhood allergic contact dermatitis.
Cutis, 15 (1975), pp. 635
[3.]
W.L. Weston, J.A. Weston.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children.
Am J Dis Child, 138 (1984), pp. 932-936
[4.]
W.L. Weston, J.A. Weston, J. Kinoshita, S. Kloepfer, L. Carreon, S. Toth, et al.
Prevalence of positive epicutaneous tests among infants, children, and adolescence.
Pediatrics, 78 (1986), pp. 1070-1074
[5.]
M.A. Barros, A. Baptista, T.M. Correia, F. Azevedo.
Patch testing in children: A study of 562 schoolchildren.
Contact Dermatitis, 25 (1991), pp. 156-159
[6.]
C.G. Mortz, J.M. Lauritsen, C. Binslev-Jensen, K.E. Andersen.
Contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis in adolescents: prevalence measures and associations. The Odense adolescence cohort study on atopic diseases and dermatitis (TOACS).
Acta Derm Venereol, 82 (2002), pp. 352-358
[7.]
A.L. Bruckner, W.L. Weston, J.G. Morelli.
Does sensitization to contact allergens begin in infancy?.
Pediatrics, 105 (2000), pp. e3
[8.]
S. Seidenari, F. Giusti, P. Pepe, L. Mantovani.
Contact sensitization in 1094 children undergoing patch testing over a 7-year period.
Pediatr Dermatol, 22 (2005), pp. 1-5
[9.]
V.J. Lewis, B.N. Statham, M.M.U. Chowdhury.
Allergic contact dermatitis in 191 consecutively patch tested children.
Contact Dermatitis, 51 (2004), pp. 155-156
[10.]
K.A. Zug, D. McGinley-Smith, E.M. Warshaw, J.S. Taylor, R.L. Rietschel, H.I. Maibach, et al.
Contact allergy in children referred for patch testing: North American Contact Dermatitis Group data, 2001–2004.
Arch Dermatol, 144 (2008), pp. 1329-1336
[11.]
M. Hogelin, M. Pratt.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children: the Ottawa hospital patch-testing clinic experience, 1996 to 2006.
Dermatitis, 19 (2008), pp. 86-89
[12.]
F.B. de Waard-van der Spek, A.P. Oranje.
Patch tests in children with suspected allergic contact dermatitis: A prospective study and review of the literature.
Dermatology, (2008),
[13.]
G. Militello, S.E. Jacob, G.H. Crawford.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children.
Curr Opin Pediatr, 18 (2006), pp. 385-390
[14.]
M.A. Morren, B. Pryzbilla, M. Bamelis, et al.
Atopic dermatitis: Triggering factors.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 1 (1994), pp. 467-473
[15.]
R. Rajagopalan, R. Anderson.
Impact of patch testing on dermatology-specific quality of life in patients with allergic contact dermatitis.
Am J Contact Dermat, 8 (1997), pp. 215-221
[16.]
C.D. Jensen, E. Paulsen, K.E. Andersen.
Retrospective evaluation of the consequence of alleged patch test sensitization.
Contact Dermatitis, 55 (2006), pp. 30-35
[17.]
S.E. Jacob, B. Brod, G.H. Crawford.
Clinically relevant patch test reactions in children—a United States based study.
Pediatr Dermatol, 25 (2008), pp. 520-527
[18.]
A.A. Fisher.
Contact Dermatitis.
2nd ed, Lea and Febiger, (1973),
[19.]
S. Roul, G. Ducombs, A. Taieb.
Usefulness of the European standard series for patch testing in children. A 3-year single-centre study of 337 patients.
Contact Dermatitis, 40 (1999), pp. 232-235
[20.]
B.M. Manzini, G. Ferdani, V. Simonetti, M. Donini, S. Seidenari.
Contact sensitization in children.
Pediatr Dermatol, 15 (1998), pp. 12-17
[21.]
P.A. Hogan, W.L. Weston.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children.
Pediatr Rev, 14 (1993), pp. 240-243
[22.]
M. Worm, W. Aberer, M. Agathos, D. Becker, J. Brasch, T. Fuchs, et al.
German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Patch testing in children–recommendations of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG).
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges, 5 (2007), pp. 107-109
[23.]
J.M. Lacahapelle, H.I. Maibach.
Patch testing, prick testing – A practical guide.
Springer, (2003),
[24.]
S.E. Jacob.
Avoid the shriek with Shrek: video distraction assist for pediatric patch testing.
Dermatitis, 18 (2007), pp. 179-180
[25.]
H. Johnke, L.A. Norberg, W. Vach, C. Bindslev-Jensen, A. Høst, K.E. Andersen, et al.
Reactivity to patch tests with nickel sulfate and fragrance mix in infants.
Contact Dermatitis, 51 (2004), pp. 141-147
[26.]
P.V. Marcussen.
Primary irritant patch test reactions in children.
Arch Dermatol, 87 (1982), pp. 378
[27.]
A.A. Fisher.
Patch testing in children including early infancy.
Cutis, 54 (1994), pp. 387-388
[28.]
S.E. Jacob, C.J. Burk, E.A. Connelly.
Patch testing: another steroidsparing agent to consider in children.
Pediatr Dermatol, 25 (2008), pp. 81-87
[29.]
R.L. Rietschel, L.E. Rosenthal.
NACDG. Standard patch test screening series used diagnostically in young and elderly patients.
Am J Contact Derm, 1 (1990), pp. 53-55
[30.]
J.M.G. Camarasa, F. Aspiolea, A. Alomar.
Patch tests to metals in childhood.
Contact Dermatitis, 9 (1983), pp. 157-158
[31.]
C. Mortz, K.E. Andersen.
Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescents.
Contact Dermatitis, 41 (1999), pp. 121-130
[32.]
Rietschel RL, Fowler Jr JF. Fisher's Contact Dermatitis. 6th ed. Ontario: BC Decker Inc, Hamilton; 20.
[33.]
S.J. Bashir, H.I. Maibach.
Contact Urticaria Syndrome.
Irritant Dermatitis, pp. 63-70
[34.]
C.B. Gelpi, S.E. Jacob.
Instructions for educating patients on ROAT testing in conjunction with patch testing.
Dermatol Nurs, 20 (2008), pp. 139-143
[35.]
S.E. Jacob, M.P. Castanedo-Tardan.
Pharmacotherapy for allergic contact dermatitis.
Expert Opin Pharmacother, 8 (2007), pp. 2757-2774
[36.]
D.E. Cohen, N. Heidary.
Treatment of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis.
Dermatologic Ther, 17 (2004), pp. 334-340
[37.]
U.R. Hengge, T. Ruzicka, R.A. Schwartz, M.J. Cork.
Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 54 (2006), pp. 1-15
[38.]
C.M. Mills, R. Marks.
Side effects of topical glucocorticoids.
Curr Probl Dermatol, 21 (1993), pp. 122-131
[39.]
R. Sidbury, J.M. Hanifin.
Systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis.
Clin Exp Dermatol, 25 (2000), pp. 559-566
[40.]
L. Fernández de Corres, G. Bernaola, I. Urrutia, D. Munoz.
Allergic dermatitis from systemic treatment with corticosteroids.
Contact Dermatitis, 22 (1990), pp. 104-106
[41.]
A.J. Bircher, P. Bigliardi, T. Zaugg, Mäkinen, S. Kiljunen.
Delayed generalized allergic reactions to corticosteroids.
Dermatology, 200 (2000), pp. 349-351
[42.]
A.M. Downs, J.E. Sansom.
Severe contact allergy to footwear responding to handmade shoes.
Contact Dermatitis, 40 (1999), pp. 218
[43.]
V.K. Sharma, R. Bhat, G. Sethuraman, Y. Manchanda.
Treatment of parthenium dermatitis with methotrexate.
Contact Dermatitis, 57 (2007), pp. 118-119
[44.]
G. Ricci, A. Dondi, A. Patrizi, M. Masi.
Systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis in children.
Copyright © 2011. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
Idiomas
Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?