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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Superficial migratory thrombophlebitis &#40;SMT&#41; or thrombophlebitis migrans is characterized by recurrent episodes of localized thrombosis of the superficial veins in the limbs and trunk&#46; It has been associated with various systemic diseases that should be taken into consideration when assessing the patient&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Between 1997 and 2007&#44; 8 patients with SMT were seen at Hospital General Universitario de Valencia in Valencia&#44; Spain&#46; We review the clinical features and histopathology&#44; along with the associated diseases&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The most common clinical presentation was with painful nodules mimicking erythema nodosum on the lower extremities&#46; Other sites were on the abdomen and trunk&#46; Only in 1 case was SMT diagnosed clinically&#46; In other cases&#44; the clinical diagnoses were cellulitis&#44; lymphangitis&#44; nodular vasculitis&#44; and panarteritis nodosa&#46; The histologic characteristics were compatible with superficial thrombophlebitis&#44; and orcein staining revealed the internal elastic lamina to be absent in all cases&#46; No evidence of an occult tumor was found in any of the cases&#46; Two cases had a history of Buerger disease and in another the condition presented in association with a fever of unknown origin&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The possible association of SMT with systemic diseases&#44; including cancer&#44; makes its diagnosis important&#46; In our case series we did not find evidence of associated disease in the majority of cases&#46; However&#44; since cancer can manifest months and even years after the appearance of SMT&#44; follow-up is necessary in these patients&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tromboflebitis superficial migratoria &#40;TSM&#41; o tromboflebitis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">migrans</span> se caracteriza por episodios recurrentes de trombosis segmentaria de las venas superficiales de los miembros y el tronco&#46; La TSM se ha asociado con diversas enfermedades sist&#233;micas que deben tenerse en cuenta a la hora de evaluar al paciente&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Desde 1997 hasta 2007&#44; 8 pacientes con TSM fueron estudiados en el Hospital General Universitario de Valencia&#46; Se revisaron las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e histopatol&#243;gicas&#44; as&#237; como las enfermedades asociadas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La presentaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica m&#225;s frecuente fue en forma de n&#243;dulos dolorosos recurrentes en las extremidades inferiores&#44; similar a un eritema nodoso&#46; Otras localizaciones fueron el abdomen y el tronco&#46; S&#243;lo en un caso el diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico fue de TSM&#46; Otros diagn&#243;sticos cl&#237;nicos fueron celulitis&#44; linfangitis&#44; vasculitis nodular o panarteritis nodosa&#46; Las caracter&#237;sticas histol&#243;gicas fueron compatibles con tromboflebitis superficial&#44; y la tinci&#243;n con orce&#237;na mostr&#243; ausencia de la l&#225;mina el&#225;stica interna en todos los casos&#46; En ninguno se demostr&#243; asociaci&#243;n con una neoplasia oculta&#46; En 2 casos exist&#237;an antecedentes de enfermedad de Buerger y otro apareci&#243; en el contexto de una fiebre de origen desconocido&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El reconocimiento de la TSM es importante por su posible asociaci&#243;n con enfermedades sist&#233;micas&#44; incluyendo el c&#225;ncer&#46; En nuestra serie fuimos incapaces de encontrar una enfermedad asociada en la mayor&#237;a de los casos&#46; Sin embargo&#44; y dado que el c&#225;ncer se puede manifestar entre meses e incluso a&#241;os despu&#233;s de la aparici&#243;n de la TSM&#44; es necesario el seguimiento de los pacientes&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 99. Issue 5.
Pages 390-395 (June - July 2008)
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Vol. 99. Issue 5.
Pages 390-395 (June - July 2008)
Original article
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Superficial Migratory Thrombophlebitis: A Clinical and Histologic Review of 8 Cases
Tromboflebitis Superficial Migratoria: Revisión Clínica e Histológica de 8 Casos
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C. Laguna
Corresponding author
cecipru@comv.es

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Av. Tres Cruces s/n, 46014 Valencia, Spain.
, V. Alegre, A. Pérez
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Introduction

Superficial migratory thrombophlebitis (SMT) or thrombophlebitis migrans is characterized by recurrent episodes of localized thrombosis of the superficial veins in the limbs and trunk. It has been associated with various systemic diseases that should be taken into consideration when assessing the patient.

Material and methods

Between 1997 and 2007, 8 patients with SMT were seen at Hospital General Universitario de Valencia in Valencia, Spain. We review the clinical features and histopathology, along with the associated diseases.

Results

The most common clinical presentation was with painful nodules mimicking erythema nodosum on the lower extremities. Other sites were on the abdomen and trunk. Only in 1 case was SMT diagnosed clinically. In other cases, the clinical diagnoses were cellulitis, lymphangitis, nodular vasculitis, and panarteritis nodosa. The histologic characteristics were compatible with superficial thrombophlebitis, and orcein staining revealed the internal elastic lamina to be absent in all cases. No evidence of an occult tumor was found in any of the cases. Two cases had a history of Buerger disease and in another the condition presented in association with a fever of unknown origin.

Conclusion

The possible association of SMT with systemic diseases, including cancer, makes its diagnosis important. In our case series we did not find evidence of associated disease in the majority of cases. However, since cancer can manifest months and even years after the appearance of SMT, follow-up is necessary in these patients.

Key words:
superficial migratory thrombophlebitis
thrombophlebitis migrans
Mondor disease
Trousseau sign
Resumen
Introducción

La tromboflebitis superficial migratoria (TSM) o tromboflebitis migrans se caracteriza por episodios recurrentes de trombosis segmentaria de las venas superficiales de los miembros y el tronco. La TSM se ha asociado con diversas enfermedades sistémicas que deben tenerse en cuenta a la hora de evaluar al paciente.

Material y métodos

Desde 1997 hasta 2007, 8 pacientes con TSM fueron estudiados en el Hospital General Universitario de Valencia. Se revisaron las características clínicas e histopatológicas, así como las enfermedades asociadas.

Resultados

La presentación clínica más frecuente fue en forma de nódulos dolorosos recurrentes en las extremidades inferiores, similar a un eritema nodoso. Otras localizaciones fueron el abdomen y el tronco. Sólo en un caso el diagnóstico clínico fue de TSM. Otros diagnósticos clínicos fueron celulitis, linfangitis, vasculitis nodular o panarteritis nodosa. Las características histológicas fueron compatibles con tromboflebitis superficial, y la tinción con orceína mostró ausencia de la lámina elástica interna en todos los casos. En ninguno se demostró asociación con una neoplasia oculta. En 2 casos existían antecedentes de enfermedad de Buerger y otro apareció en el contexto de una fiebre de origen desconocido.

Conclusión

El reconocimiento de la TSM es importante por su posible asociación con enfermedades sistémicas, incluyendo el cáncer. En nuestra serie fuimos incapaces de encontrar una enfermedad asociada en la mayoría de los casos. Sin embargo, y dado que el cáncer se puede manifestar entre meses e incluso años después de la aparición de la TSM, es necesario el seguimiento de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
tromboflebitis superficial migratoria
tromboflebitis migrans
enfermedad de Mondor
signo de Trousseau
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Copyright © 2008. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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